Summary
What the comuna hasSource: OpenStreetMap
Puqueldón es una comuna ubicada en la provincia de Chiloé, región de Los Lagos, en el sur de Chile. Su territorio abarca íntegramente la isla Lemuy, una de las mayores del archipiélago de Chiloé, con una superficie total de 95,9 km².
Liveability index · EIU style
48.4 /100AuthoritiesWho leads the comuna, its council, sessions and lobbying requests
Mayor · 2024-2028Source: DecideChile · SERVEL
Mayoral history · 8 terms
SERVEL · TRICEL (1992-2008) · DecideChile (2024) · Wikidata (pre-1992)
Concejo MunicipalSource: DecideChile · SERVEL
Concejo MunicipalSource: DecideChile · SERVEL
Official council minutesSource: CPLT · Active Transparency inventory (Law 20.285)
Official council minutesSource: CPLT · Active Transparency inventory (Law 20.285)
- Acta N° 1 · 2026 ↗
- Acta N° 2 · 2026 ↗
- Acta N° 3 · 2026 ↗
- Acta N° 4 · 2026 ↗
- Acta N° 5 · 2026 ↗
- Acta N° 6 · 2026 ↗
Documents indexed from the Transparency Portal (Law 20.285); they link to the PDF published by the municipality.
What the council resolvesSource: Official minutes · AI extraction (ongoing)
What the council resolvesSource: Official minutes · AI extraction (ongoing)
| Resolution | Type | Amount | Vote |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.1 · Adjudicación y contrato para la construcción de una feria campesina | Tender | $49.871.949 | unanimidad |
| 7(a) · Instalación de un Memorial tipo Monolito con Placa Recordatoria en Parque Municipal Hueñoco | Other | — | unanimidad |
| 11 · Comodato para sondaje de pozo profundo para red de agua potable en sectores Yelqui, Levacura e Ichuac | Loan for use | — | — |
| 14 · Aprobar la adjudicación del proceso de licitación pública 'Construcción Feria Campesina Prodesal' | Tender | $57.661.418 | unanimidad |
| 17 · Aprobar el compromiso de asumir los costos de operación y mantención del proyecto 'Conservación Costanera de Aldachildo' para el Programa de Concurso de Espacios Públicos 2022-2023 del MINVU | Other | — | mayoria |
| 4.1 · Modificación del Reglamento de la Beca Municipal, incluyendo cambios en el presupuesto y criterios para postulantes. | Regulation | $5.500.000 | unanimidad |
Resolutions voted by the council, automatically extracted from the official minutes (extraction ongoing: coverage grows as the 94.917 indexed minutes are processed). May contain reading errors; the official document is the municipality's PDF.
Comptroller auditsSource: CGR · Municipal Observatory
Comptroller auditsSource: CGR · Municipal Observatory
| Year | Findings | Altam. | Compl. | Median. | Reports |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 19 | — | 5 | 14 | 1 |
| 2017 | 19 | — | 13 | 6 | 1 |
| 2016 | 25 | 1 | 21 | 3 | 1 |
CGR severity classification · audit findings on the municipality and its corporations
PopulationWho lives here, how they study, their healthcare and more
Population and living conditionsSource: INE · CENSO · MINEDUC · ADIS
Population trend
How it has changedSource: Official INE series 2002–2026 (2017 base).
See the full trajectory to 2050 →INE projects comuna population only through 2035; the 2050 values are an own estimate by the monitor, anchored to the official INE 2050 national total (21,626,079 inhab, 32.1% aged 60+). Not an official comuna figure.
| Indicator | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Homes with public water supply (2017 Census) | 47,59 % | CENSO 2017 2017 |
| School disengagement (leaves the system) | 0,5 % | MINEDUC 2023 |
| poblacion_censo | 4.048 inh. | 2024 Census 2024 |
| Income poverty (CASEN 2022) | 17,8 % | CASEN 2022 · SAE Observatorio MDSF 2022 |
| Pobreza multidimensional (CASEN 2022) | 24,2 % | CASEN 2022 · SAE Observatorio MDSF 2022 |
| Indigenous peoples | 30,83 % | 2024 Census 2024 |
Registro Social de Hogares
| Elderly (60+) | 1.072 | 27% |
| Children and adolescents (<18) | 702 | 18% |
| Foreign nationals | 0 | 0% |
| Belonging to indigenous peoples | 1.251 | 32% |
| People with moderate/severe dependency | 35 | 1% |
| Single-person households | 833 | 42% |
A monthly administrative snapshot of the Social Household Registry (self-registration to access benefits), as of abril 2026. The "bracket 40" is the socioeconomic rating of the most vulnerable 40%. It is a registry, not a survey: it complements CASEN (biennial) with fresh data, but well-off comunas under-register. Source: ADIS, Ministry of Social Development and Family.
School educationSource: MINEDUC Open Data 2025
Aggregate of all the comuna's schools (RBD → comuna). Pass/withdrawal and attendance are from the 2025 school year. SIMCE is not published as open data (managed by the Quality Agency, by request only); the available quality proxy is passing, dropout and attendance. The PAES result appears in the social section.
Municipal healthcare (primary care)Source: SINIM · MINSAL / FONASA
REM-26 section A (DEIS/MINSAL): comprehensive family visits, summed across the comuna's facilities. The last year is partial while DEIS consolidates monthly reports.
| Center | Type | Provider type | Enrollees | % brackets A-B |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Centro de Salud Familiar Puqueldón | Family Health Center (CESFAM) | Municipal | 4.002 | 61% |
| Posta de Salud Rural Aldachildo | Rural Health Post (PSR) | Municipal | 30 | 43% |
| Posta de Salud Rural Liucura (Puqueldón) | Rural Health Post (PSR) | Municipal | 14 | 36% |
| Posta de Salud Rural Ichuac | Rural Health Post (PSR) | Municipal | 1 | 0% |
FONASA brackets A-B ≈ lowest incomes (A: without resources). Source: FONASA, as of Dec 31, 2025, DEIS code.
Indigenous peoplesSource: 2024 Census (INE) · CONADI via IDE SMA
| People | People | % of total |
|---|---|---|
| Mapuche | 1.228 | 98.4% |
2024 Census: people who consider themselves as belonging to an indigenous people (small counts are suppressed for confidentiality at the source and not shown). Communities: CONADI national registry as of March 2024 — Araucanía and Los Lagos not refreshed in that update, the count is a floor. Land grants: 2022 registry.
Community organizationSource: RPJSFL Civil Registry (Law 20.500/19.418) · as of Jun 2026
All the comuna's active non-profit legal entities (Law 20.500 / 19.418), classified by organization name. It portrays the civil fabric: not just neighborhood councils, also committees, sports clubs, cultural and elderly groups, foundations and fire brigades.
2 Local media · FMSource: SUBTEL · broadcasting licences · Regional Media Survey (MSGG)
2 Local media · FMSource: SUBTEL · broadcasting licences · Regional Media Survey (MSGG)
| Local media | Type | dial |
|---|---|---|
| LLEMUY | FM | 103.7 FM |
| RyRadiodifusion y Telecomunicaciones Alex Nahuelquin Nahuelquin E.I.R.L. · holder | FM | 95.7 FM |
The dial (frequency) of every FM, AM and community radio with a studio in the comuna (SUBTEL, active sound broadcasting concessions). National networks appear in their headquarters' comuna, not necessarily where they broadcast. When SUBTEL records no brand name, its holder (the concession holder).
Foreign-born populationSource: 2024 Census · INE
International immigrants per the 2024 Census (people born outside Chile living in the comuna). Nationwide they are 1,608,650 people, 8.8% of the population.
Housing and housing deficitSource: MINVU (Encampment Registry + 2024 Census deficit + subsidies) · INE
Encampments: MINVU National Registry 2024 (irregular settlements and the families living in them). Quantitative deficit: homes missing per the 2024 Census (doubling-up + unrecoverable overcrowding). Permits: new homes authorized by the Works Directorate in 2024 (INE) — measures future construction, not stock. Subsidies: MINVU by application comuna — DS49 accrues beneficiaries by resolution year; DS01 and DS52 accrue payments by application cohort (national totals in the source file differ ~1–6% from the comuna sum; the comuna series is published).
What the homes are like
Housing type: 2017 Census · tenure: 2002 Census (INE).
ResourcesBudget, spending, municipal procurement and more
Benefits under special regimesSource: Laws/SII/BCN/MTT/Treasury · deep-research verified
Fiscal or economic treatments that apply only to this comuna or its zone, not the rest of Chile. The chip color shows who it reaches: municipality, community, residents, companies or workers.
17% de las remuneraciones imponibles (hasta tope base ~$182.000 reajustable IPC) de trabajadores con domicilio y trabajo permanente en la zona. En Aysén/Magallanes/Chiloé/Palena solo si la remuneración supera en 20% el salario mínimo.
Tarifas rebajadas en 5 modos de transporte (+900.000 personas), con complemento extra para zonas extremas/australes. La "Tarifa Cero" da pasaje GRATUITO, pero solo para 65+ y personas con discapacidad (con sola cédula), en 130+ servicios incluyendo barcazas. Para el residente común es descuento, no gratuidad.
Sobresueldo mensual a funcionarios públicos según aislamiento/costo de vida: 70% del sueldo base (art. 7 DL 249). A los funcionarios municipales llega vía art. 25 del DL 3.551/1980 y el monto se aumenta en 40% (Ley 19.354) — salud primaria municipal (Ley 19.378) la percibe sin ese aumento; asistentes de la educación y personal de corporaciones no la perciben (Código del Trabajo). El %/territorio usa la división de 1974: dentro de una comuna pueden regir % mayores en localidades específicas (retenes, islas, cordillera) no reflejados acá; la CGR resuelve caso a caso. Comunas sin asignación no aparecen.
Budget and revenue sourcesSource: SINIM · SUBDERE
Ingreso total y desglose de ingresos propios
Total revenue · trend (2001–2025)
Own revenue breakdown (IPP) · 2025
Special-law revenues · 2025
Distributed by law to specific comunas; they arrive via transfers.
Revenue by sector · 2025
Municipal Common Fund balance · 2025
Evolución por fuente de ingreso
Permanent own revenue (IPP) · trend
FCM received · trend
State transfers · trend
Municipal spending and budget executionSource: SINIM · SUBDERE
Municipal spending and budget executionSource: SINIM · SUBDERE
Accrued spending · trend
Distribution by management area · 2025
What the budget is spent on · 2025
| Spending line | Amount | % of spending | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Municipal healthcare (primary care) · comuna health-sector spending | $2.584.875.000 | 33.9% | |
| Transfers to health | $2.282.886.000 | 30.0% | |
| Municipal personnel · municipal wages and fees | $1.731.326.000 | 22.7% | |
| Investment (works and projects) | $1.159.262.000 | 15.2% | |
| Goods and services (operations) · supplies, contracts, maintenance | $950.284.000 | 12.5% | |
| Cleaning, garbage and landfills · waste collection and disposal | $296.556.000 | 3.9% | |
| Transfers to education | $247.915.000 | 3.3% | |
| Electricity (facilities) | $83.852.000 | 1.1% | |
| Councillor stipends | $82.702.000 | 1.1% | |
| Travel allowances | $41.417.000 | 0.5% | |
| Water (facilities) | $5.950.000 | 0.1% | |
| Commissions and representation | $696.000 | 0.0% | |
| Street lighting | $195.000 | 0.0% |
Share of total accrued spending. Lines overlap (personnel sits inside several areas), so they don't add to 100%. Source: SINIM.
Personal y dotación municipal
Spending composition · 2025
Personnel by contract type · 2025
Municipal headcount · 2023
Municipal staff by contract status (SINIM, 2023). Cost per staffer = annual spending of the type ÷ same-year headcount.
Inversión, servicios básicos y obras
Investment and authorities' expenses · 2025
Basic and general services · 2025
Final works approvals (DOM) · per year
Building permits issued · per year
Management indicator · 2025
What it buys · Mercado PúblicoSource: ChileCompra · open data
Open profile in Monitor Mercado Público ↗
What it buys · Mercado PúblicoSource: ChileCompra · open data
Purchase-order amount · trend
| Top suppliers | Amount | POs |
|---|---|---|
| Titanium Chile S.A. | $2.797.975.337 | 1 |
| Wilson Leonidas Ojeda Cárdenas | $1.358.612.128 | 34 |
| José del Carmen Hernández Hernández | $977.257.106 | 8 |
| Omb Latam Chile S.A. | $960.794.351 | 1 |
| Jose Hernandez Hernandez | $844.162.442 | 19 |
| Compania de Petroleos de Chile Copec S.A. | $715.264.844 | 135 |
| Fabio Andres | $630.215.198 | 8 |
| Constructora Alto Mahuida Ltda. | $492.936.939 | 3 |
Purchase mechanism · 2026
| Framework Agreement | $166.304.341 | 35% |
| Agile Purchase | $140.908.233 | 30% |
| Tender | $90.446.366 | 19% |
| Direct award discretionary | $73.924.476 | 16% |
Companies and economic activitySource: SII · company statistics and roster (domicile/HQ)
Pyramid by sales bracket
Largest companies domiciled in the comuna
| Company | Line of business | Sales bracket | Workers |
|---|---|---|---|
| Inversiones Pelp Limitada | ACTIVIDADES FINANCIERAS Y DE SEGUROS | Medium 2 | 3 |
| Sociedad Comercial Terralemuy Limitada | AGRICULTURA, GANADERIA, SILVICULTURA Y PESCA | Medium 1 | 77 |
| Maestranza y Mecanica Hb SpA | INDUSTRIA MANUFACTURERA | Medium 1 | 41 |
| Comercial Mayorga Ojeda SpA | COMERCIO AL POR MAYOR Y AL POR MENOR; REPARAC | Medium 1 | — |
| Corp Municipal de Puqueldon para la Educ | ENSEÑANZA | No sales | 228 |
| I Municipalidad de Puqueldon | ADMINISTRACION PUBLICA Y DEFENSA; PLANES DE S | No sales | 85 |
SII roster of legal entities (public). Due to tax secrecy sales come in brackets, never amounts. The comuna is that of the domicile/HQ: operations may be elsewhere.
Investment in SEIA projects
Investment DECLARED by the owner upon entering SEIA (not necessarily materialized; the RCA expires after 5 years without works). Multi-comuna projects: prorated investment, jobs counted in full. Jobs = declared peak labor (source PRISMA/SOFOFA). Source: e-SEIA + PRISMA.
TerritoryClimate, biodiversity, national heritage, SEIA-approved projects and more
Environment and air qualitySource: MMA · SINCA + PPDA + RETC
No air monitoring station (SINCA) in the comuna.
Air quality observed at MMA's SINCA stations within the comuna (2020); when there are several, the worst is shown. The scale compares the annual average with the WHO 2021 guideline (PM2.5 = 5 · PM10 = 15 µg/m³, international health reference) and the Chilean annual primary standard (PM2.5 = 20 · PM10 = 50 µg/m³): green within the WHO guideline, amber between guideline and standard, red above the national standard. "Days above standard" use the 24-h daily standard (PM2.5 = 50 · PM10 = 150 µg/m³). RETC emissions = declared point sources (industry/energy), excludes diffuse sources like residential firewood.
Biodiversity and protected areasSource: SNASPE · SEIA baselines
Species of flora, fauna and funga documented in the baselines of the projects evaluated by SEIA in the comuna — what their environmental studies recorded in the territory. Conservation status (RCE/IUCN) and Chilean endemism are flagged.
CR critically endangered · EN endangered · VU vulnerable · NT near threatened (Species Classification Regulation / IUCN). ★ endemic to Chile. Extracted from SEIA studies by kingdom; presence reflects what baselines characterized, not a census.
1 Wetlands · 1 urban · 11 haSource: National Wetlands Inventory · SIMBIO (MMA)
1 Wetlands · 1 urban · 11 haSource: National Wetlands Inventory · SIMBIO (MMA)
| Code | Wetland | Hectares |
|---|---|---|
| HUR-10-09 | Puqueldon 1urban | 11 |
Area = hectares of wetland within the comuna boundary (apportioned using the DPA table of each record). For wetlands shared between comunas, "portion / total" is shown. "Urban" = urban wetland (HUR code). Official source migrated to the SBAP (Law 21,600).
Basic utilitiesSource: SISS · CNE · MINEDUC
Almost no comuna has its own utility: it is served by a major regional concession holder. Water = urban operational territory (SISS; rural goes via APR); electric = concession distributor per the tariff decree (CNE); higher education = university, IP and CFT campuses (MINEDUC/SIES), with the nearest comuna when there are none.
Green areasSource: SINIM · SUBDERE (2024)
Green areasSource: SINIM · SUBDERE (2024)
Municipally maintained green area per inhabitant (SINIM). The National Urban Development Council recommends a minimum of 10 m²/inhab (WHO, ~9). Self-reported by municipalities, with quality varying across comunas.
National heritageSource: National Monuments Council (Feb 2026)
National heritageSource: National Monuments Council (Feb 2026)
Monuments declared by decree (official CMN roster). Excludes archaeological and public monuments. Declaration entails legal protection and intervention restrictions.
Territorial burdensSource: SUBDERE (waste, Jun 2023) · Gendarmería (Jun 2025) · SISS (WWTP)
Territorial burdensSource: SUBDERE (waste, Jun 2023) · Gendarmería (Jun 2025) · SISS (WWTP)
Infrastructure this comuna carries — often serving others.
| Facility | Type | Detail |
|---|---|---|
| Vertedero Municipal Puqueldón | Vertedero | 1.977 t/year |
Official registries: they exclude illegal dumps and rural WWTPs (no consolidated public registry).
Forest firesSource: CONAF · Occurrence and damage statistics (2023-2024)
Occurrence and area affected by wildfires (CONAF). The 5-season cumulative gives a fairer picture than a single year: fire is episodic and big catastrophes concentrate in few seasons. The area is comuna-wide, not just urban.
Winter riskSource: SENAPRED · winter critical points 2026 (via FAU U. de Chile)
Points in the comuna where SENAPRED identifies winter-rain risk (channel overflows, flooding, collector collapse, landslides, mudflows, snow), with risk level and the agency responsible for the fix.
Water scarcitySource: DGA · MOP (scarcity-zone decrees)
DGA water-scarcity zone decrees (by comuna, province or region; basin decrees are not counted here, so chronicity is a floor). The decree enables extraordinary water redistribution measures. At the megadrought's peak (2021) 286 comunas were under decree; today 26.
Climate and climate changeSource: ARClim · MMA + CR2/UC (CMIP6 modeling)
Modeled climatology (CMIP6 downscaling ~5 km): present ≈ 1980-2010, projection ≈ 2035-2065 middle scenario. Not recent weather observation.
SafetyCrime, road crashes and municipal security infrastructure
Crimes (police cases)Source: CEAD · Ministry of Public Security
| Crime | Cases | Rate/100k |
|---|---|---|
| Alcohol and drug use in public spaces | 97 | 2.316 |
| Domestic violence | 23 | 549 |
| Threats | 20 | 478 |
| Burglary of an uninhabited place | 8 | 191 |
| Property damage | 8 | 191 |
| Larceny | 5 | 119 |
| Sexual abuse | 3 | 72 |
| Weapons-related crimes | 3 | 72 |
| Minor injuries | 3 | 72 |
| Burglary of an inhabited place | 3 | 72 |
| Serious or very serious injuries | 2 | 48 |
| Crimes and offenses under the arms law | 2 | 48 |
Showing the 12 crimes with most cases of 17.
Police cases (reports + arrests) recorded by Carabineros and PDI. Not victimization (ENUSC measures the real figure, higher due to underreporting). The rate uses INE 2024 population. Source: CEAD, Ministry of Public Security.
What the municipality does
Municipal security infrastructure and staff declared to SINIM (since 2016). Excludes Carabineros and PDI, which are national.
Road crashesSource: CONASET · Data Observatory (2024)
Crashes georeferenced by CONASET (urban + highway) during 2024. The only per-comuna source; covers ~70% of the country's deaths (non-geolocatable ones are excluded), so it slightly underestimates the total. Pedestrian collision is the leading cause of pedestrian death.